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Niède Guidon
Niède Guidon ((:niˈɛdʒi ɡiˈdõ)) is a Brazilian archaeologist who was born on the 12 March 1933 in Jaú, in the state of São Paulo, Brazil. She has won international recognition and support for her struggle to protect Brazil's rich archaeological heritage.
Since the late 20th century, she has excavated hundreds of prehistoric sites in Piauí, Brazil. Her dating of findings indicates that human settlement preceded the earliest known in North America by tens of thousands of years, which has generated controversy. In addition, she has theorized that some of the early ancient peoples may have arrived from Africa by boat, rather than over the land bridge from northeast Asia.
==Parque Nacional Serra de Capivara==
Niède Guidon is the head archaeologist at the ''Serra da Capivara National Park'' in Piauí, Brazil, the most underdeveloped state. In this park, she and her colleagues have discovered more than 800 pre-historic sites revealing occupation of the Americas by human beings. The locality of ''Pedra Furada,'' is the archaeological rock art site where Guidon and her colleagues excavated a Paleoindian culture that they claimed was as old as c. 30,000 years B.P.〔Guidon and Delibrias 1986. C-14 Dates Point to Man in the Americas 32,000 years ago. Nature 321(6072):769-771〕
The park encompasses an area protected by UNESCO (United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization). Niède Guidon is responsible for that area's preservation, development and management. Based on her findings and excavations, she and her colleagues believe the possibility of previously believed early-American dates of human habitation to be exceeded by more than 30,000 years.〔(ALEX BELLOS, "Brazilian Findings Spark Archeological Debate" ), ''The Guardian'', 14 February 2000, hosted at Cabrillo University website, accessed 19 January 2015〕
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